羅(luo)茨(ci)真空泵(通(tong)稱(cheng):羅茨(ci)泵)就是指(zhi)泵內(nei)配(pei)有(you)(you)2個反(fan)過來方(fang)位同歩轉動的(de)(de)葉(xie)型轉子(zi)(zi)(zi),轉子(zi)(zi)(zi)間、轉子(zi)(zi)(zi)與泵殼(ke)內(nei)腔(qiang)間有(you)(you)細微(wei)空隙而互(hu)相(xiang)觸(chu)碰的(de)(de)一種變(bian)容(rong)真(zhen)空泵。
羅(luo)茨真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)在(zai)原油(you)(you)、化(hua)工(gong)廠、塑膠(jiao)、化(hua)肥(fei)、汽(qi)輪發電機轉(zhuan)子轉(zhuan)子動(dong)平衡(heng)、航天航空(kong)(kong)室內空(kong)(kong)間仿(fang)真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)模擬等設(she)備(bei)上獲得(de)了(le)長期(qi)性運(yun)作的磨練,因(yin)此(ci)應當在(zai)中國(guo)大力發展和運(yun)用。另(ling)外也(ye)普(pu)遍用以原油(you)(you)、化(hua)工(gong)廠、冶金工(gong)業、紡(fang)織品等工(gong)業生產。真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)零配件做(zuo)為真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)消聲器,用以真(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)泵(beng)的噪聲處(chu)理。
原理
羅茨(ci)泵(beng)是(shi)一種無內縮小的真(zhen)空泵(beng),一般壓縮比很低,故高、中真(zhen)空泵(beng)必須(xu)前面(mian)泵(beng)。
靠泵(beng)腔(qiang)內一對葉型(xing)轉子同歩、反方(fang)向(xiang)轉動的(de)推壓功效來挪動氣體而保(bao)持(chi)抽真空的(de)真空泵(beng)。
羅茨真空(kong)泵(beng)就是指(zhi)具備(bei)一對同歩高速運轉的(de)鞋面形轉子的(de)機械設備(bei)真空(kong)泵(beng),此泵(beng)不能獨立抽真空(kong),前面要(yao)配骨架密封、水(shui)環等(deng)可(ke)直(zhi)排空(kong)氣。
它的(de)構造(zao)和(he)原理與(yu)羅茨風機類(lei)似,工作中時其唿吸(xi)口與(yu)被(bei)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)包(bao)裝器皿或超濾裝置主抽泵(beng)相(xiang)(xiang)連。這(zhe)類(lei)真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)的(de)轉(zhuan)子(zi)與(yu)轉(zhuan)子(zi)中間、轉(zhuan)子(zi)與(yu)泵(beng)殼(ke)中間互相(xiang)(xiang)觸碰,空(kong)(kong)(kong)隙一般為0.1~0.八毫(hao)米;不用用食油潤化(hua)。轉(zhuan)子(zi)型(xing)線(xian)(xian)(xian)有圓斜線(xian)(xian)(xian)、漸(jian)開線(xian)(xian)(xian)齒(chi)輪和(he)旋輪線(xian)(xian)(xian)等。漸(jian)開線(xian)(xian)(xian)齒(chi)輪轉(zhuan)子(zi)泵(beng)的(de)容量使用率(lv)高,加工精(jing)度便于確保,故轉(zhuan)子(zi)型(xing)線(xian)(xian)(xian)要(yao)用漸(jian)開線(xian)(xian)(xian)齒(chi)輪型(xing)。羅茨真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng)的(de)轉(zhuan)速比可達到3450~4100轉(zhuan)/分;抽真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)速度為30~10000升(sheng)/秒(一升(sheng)=10-3米3);極限真(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)泵(beng):單極為6.5×102帕,雙極為1×103帕。
羅茨泵(beng)的(de)(de)極限真空泵(beng)除(chu)在于(yu)泵(beng)自(zi)身構造和生產制造精密度(du)外,還在于(yu)前面泵(beng)的(de)(de)極限真空泵(beng)。以便提升泵(beng)的(de)(de)極限真空值,可將羅茨泵串連應用。羅(luo)茨(ci)泵(beng)的(de)原理與羅(luo)茨(ci)風機(ji)類似。因為(wei)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)持續轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong),被抽氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)從進風口吸(xi)(xi)進到(dao)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與泵(beng)殼中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)室內空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)v0內,再經(jing)出氣(qi)(qi)口排(pai)出來(lai)。因為(wei)唿吸(xi)(xi)后v0室內空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)是全(quan)封閉式情況,因此(ci),在(zai)泵(beng)腔內氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)沒有縮小和澎漲。但當轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)頂端掉轉(zhuan)出氣(qi)(qi)口邊沿,v0室內空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)與排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)管側(ce)互通(tong)時,因為(wei)排(pai)氣(qi)(qi)管側(ce)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)壓(ya)強較高,則有一(yi)(yi)部分(fen)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)返沖(chong)過室內空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)v0中(zhong)去,使(shi)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)壓(ya)強忽然提高。當轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)再次旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)時,氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)排(pai)出來(lai)泵(beng)外。羅(luo)茨(ci)泵(beng)在(zai)泵(beng)腔內,有二個(ge)“8”字型的(de)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)互相豎直地安(an)裝在(zai)一(yi)(yi)對平行面軸(zhou)上,由減速比為(wei)1的(de)一(yi)(yi)對傳動(dong)(dong)齒(chi)輪帶姿勢相互反(fan)方向的(de)同歩(bu)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)健身運(yun)動(dong)(dong)。在(zai)轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian),轉(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與泵(beng)殼內腔中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)(jian),維持有一(yi)(yi)定的(de)空(kong)(kong)隙(xi),能夠保持高速旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)作。